منابع مشابه
Immunobiological barriers to xenotransplantation.
Binding of natural anti-pig antibodies in humans and nonhuman primates to carbohydrate antigens expressed on the transplanted pig organ, the most important of which is galactose-α1,3-galactose (Gal), activate the complement cascade, which results in destruction of the graft within minutes or hours, known as hyperacute rejection. Even if antibody is removed from the recipient's blood by plasmaph...
متن کاملClinical xenotransplantation.
Two baboon liver xenografts transplanted to patients with B virus hepatitis supported life for 70 and 26 days but did not function optimally despite minimum or no histopathologic findings of overt humoral or cellular rejection in serial biopsies. However, there was evidence of complement activation in both cases, which in retrospect was thought to explain the unsatisfactory outcome. Strategies ...
متن کاملOvercoming immunologic barriers to discordant organ xenotransplantation
time, reduced ischemic injury) may counterbalance the poor HLA matching in the ULD group. Although the arguments against the use of living donors must be considered, long-term prospects for kidney donors is reassuring provided there is careful evaluation of potential donors and the strict criteria for exclusion are respected [2]. The benefit for the donor must also not be ignored. Our current p...
متن کاملPhysiologic and immunologic hurdles to xenotransplantation.
The major problem in the field of renal transplantation is currently the shortage of available kidneys. However, the use of animals as a source of kidneys, i.e., xenotransplantation, is increasingly being viewed as a potential solution to this problem. One preeminent hurdle to xenotransplantation is the immune response of the recipient against the graft; other hurdles include the physiologic li...
متن کاملEstimating Aversion to Uncertainty
It is intuitive that decision-makers might have attitudes towards uncertainty just as they might have attitudes towards risk. However, it is only recently that this intuitive notion has been formalized and axiomatically characterized. We estimate the extent of uncertainty aversion in a manner that is parsimonious and consistent with theory. We demonstrate that one can jointly estimate attitudes...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1995
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/378434a0